One of the four main school of Tibetan Buddhism. It was founded by Khon Konchok Gyalpo in the 11th century. They emphasises scholarship as well as meditation. Their special teaching is the Hevajra-Tantra and in combination with this a special form of the way called "Path and Fruit" (Tib. lam dre). The head of the Sakya is H.H. Saky Trinzin Rinpoche. This school is well known for the purity of their transmission.

State of meditative concentration. Refer to a state of mind in conditioned existence but also on the  Bodhisattva stages.

Shi nay (Shine)

Cyclic existence, the beginningless and endless wheel of rebirth (Realm of Desire).

[tib.: Gendun] Community of the practitioners of Buddhas teachings (Dharma). The Sangha is subdivided into the not yet realized and the already realized practitioners.

Language in old India which is sometimes still used today. Sanskrit was a scholar-, cult- and cultural language. After Buddha's teachings have been passed on in an oral tradition for one year, Pali and Sanskrit were used to write the teachings down.

[Yang chen ma] consort of the wisdom buddha Manjushri

[rang rig] This is the inner facet of every perception in it?s pure form. Synonym with wisdom. See also awareness.

It was the prophecy of the Second Karmapa Karma Pakshi, that "future Karmapas shall manifest in two Nirmanakaya forms." On an absolute level of mind, these forms are immeasurable and unquantifiable but not separate or totally unrelated. The Shamarpa is one of the two Nirmanakaya forms of the Karmapa. For those who aspire to reach great and perfect enlightenment, these emanated human forms are the shining inspiration to attain Nirvana and an inexhaustible source of assistance to the floundering multitudes trapped in cyclic existence.

Up until now, there have been fourteen incarnations:

• 1. Khaydrup Drakpa Senge 1283 - 1349
• 2. Kacho Wangpo 1350 - 1405
• 3. Chopal Yeshe 1406 - 1452
• 4. Chokyi Drakpa Yeshe Pal Zangpo 1453 - 1524
• 5. Kunchok Yenlak 1526 - 1583
• 6. Mipam Chokyi Wangchuk 1584 - 1630
• 7. Yeshe Nyingpo 1631 - 1694
• 8. Palchen Chokyi Dondrup 1695 - 1732
• 9. Kunchok Jungnay 1733 - 1741
• 10. Mipam Chodrup Gyamtso 1742 - 1792
• 11. 11 The 11th Shamarpa was a Bodhisattva, in the guise of a physician Lama, in Northern Tibet, but he was not officially recognised for political reasons.
• 12. Jambyang Rinpoche ca. 1880 - 1947
• 13. Tinlay Kunchup 1948 - 1950
• 14. Mipam Chokyi Lodro 1952 - .

Shamarpa's homepage

Philosophical treatise.

[Skt. Samatha] Tranquillity meditation, which develops calmness of mind. One of the two basic meditations in all traditions of Buddhism, the other being Vipasyana. Peaceful state of mind in deep concentration with or without object (Absorption).

The way of the Older Ones Theravada

(Skt. Palgji Senge) was born in China and was a great scholar of all wordly sciences. In a vision, Loving Eyes told him to go to Sosadvipa to gain enlightenment there. To prepare Shri Singha studied different tantras for seven years on the holy mountain of Wu T'ai Chan in China. After another vision of Loving Eyes, he engaged in a practice for three years, whose results as well as other special powers allowed him to travel in a very short time to Sosadvipa in India. He met Dschampel Shenyen (Manjushrimitra) there with whom he studied and practised for 25 years. After the death of his master he returned to China. He categorized the highest teachings that he had received and meditated for a long time at the Silji cemetery. Phowa Lineage

A practitioner who has attained spiritual realization and supernatural powers.

A term for different capabilities: Through recognizing emptiness, clarity and openness of the mind, different qualities arise naturally, since they are part of mind. The Buddha distinguishes between two types:

• Ordinary Siddhis - all those forces of the conditioned world that transform elements, like the six extra-sensory perceptions, etc
• Extraordinary Siddhis: the abilities or absolute qualities that belong to the nature of mind

Highly effective methods of the Kagyu Lineage. Their goal is realizing the nature of mind through its energetic aspect. They consist of the following meditations:

• Inner Heat [Tib. Tumo]
• Clear Light [Tib. Osel]
• Dream [Tib. Milam]
• Illusory Body [Tib. Gyulu]
• Intermediate State [Tib. Bardo]
• Transference of Consciousness [Tib. Phowa]

Basis, way and goal are the Mahamudra.

[Lit. Heap, Collection, Group]. These are the components of the personality. Clinging to the five Skandhas of form, sensation, discrimination, mental events, consciousness as an independent existing unit is the basis of the "I"-Illusion and thus for the suffering in the cycle of existence.

[Tib. Thek Chung, Skt. Hinayana, today: Theravada]

Tulku, See also The three Kayas.

[Tib. Long Ku, Skt. Sambhogakaya] The free play and spontaneous bliss of mind. It manifests from the State of Truth to help the bodhisattvas on their way. See also  The three Kayas.

[Tib. Cho Ku, Skt.Dharmakaya] The State of Truth is timeless enlightenment itself, the true nature and radiant awareness of mind. It is associated with an experience of fearlessness. Realization of the state of truth has a benefit for oneself, realization of the other  Kayas is of benefit for others.

Mode of operation of mind to store positive, neutral and negative impressions. Under appropriate conditions these imprints ripen and manifests. The store-consciousness can be compared with the hard disk of a computer.

[Tib. Chorten]: Monument for happiness and peace in the world. It is a symbol for the mind of a Buddha and for the community of practioneers. The Stupa displays the transformation of all emotions and elements into the five enlightened wisdoms and the five Buddha-families. Their symmetric form usually is filled with relics, Mantras, etc.. Stupas have been built due to various events in the life of the historical Buddha Shakyamuni .

Compared with Liberation and  Enlightenment every experience of the conditioned world is connected with suffering. Buddhist texts mention three kinds of suffering: 1. Suffering of change, 2. All pervasive suffering, 3. Suffering of physical suffering.

[tib. / sanskr. Do, lit.: Guide] Advices and meditation instructions from  Buddha. They work with a detailed examination of things, in contrast with  Tantra. In this way they built up the causes for enlightenment. In connection with this exists a related Buddhist kind of literature (three baskets)

State of the Essence, denotes the essence of the other Buddha states (Dharmakaya, Sambhogakaya , Nirmanakaya). If you compare Dharmakaya with water vapor, Sambhogakaya with clouds and Nirmanakaya with rain, then Svabhavikakaya is the essence of it all - water.